八月诞生石 · August Birthstone

August 出生的人，现代表通常写 橄榄石（Peridot）。下面把两套表、每颗石头的来历与保养，以及它和中国传统的关系都列出来。

August is most often given as Peridot. Both lists, every alternative, the care notes, and whether the stone has any Chinese tradition — all below.

八月这一栏：两套表分道扬镳的第二个月。传统表是缠丝玛瑙；1912 年现代表换成橄榄石当首选，2016 年又把尖晶石加进来做第三个选项。珠宝店说尖晶石、书上说缠丝玛瑙，两边都没错。The second month where the lists part ways. Traditional is sardonyx; 1912 put peridot first, and spinel was added as a third option as recently as 2016. If a jeweller says spinel and a book says sardonyx, both are right.

现代表首选 · Modern primary

Peridot

橄榄石gǎn lǎn shí

硬度 Mohs 6.5 – 7

颜色 · Colour

黄绿到橄榄绿，它的绿是天生的，不靠别的元素染色Yellow-green to olive, always with a natural green body colour

传统联想 · Long associated with

少数形成于地幔而非地壳的宝石，偶尔还会随陨石落到地面。欧洲传统把这种黄绿和「光」与「新生」联系在一起。One of the few gems formed in the Earth's upper mantle rather than the crust, and occasionally arrives in meteorites. European tradition linked the yellow-green to light and renewal.文化联想，不是功效 · a cultural association, not an effect

在中国的传统里 · In Chinese tradition

历史上它在中国是以「黄昏祖母绿」这个名字流通的，本身没有独立的中国传统。更值得注意的是考古发现：河北的汉墓里出土过橄榄石串珠。It was traded in China historically as 黄昏祖母绿 — 'evening emerald' — but has no independent Chinese tradition. The more notable fact is archaeological: peridot beads have been excavated from Han-dynasty tombs in Hebei.

来历 · Where it comes from

1912 年橄榄石取代缠丝玛瑙成为八月的头牌。尖晶石则是 2016 年由美国宝石贸易协会加进八月的。Peridot took the August headline in 1912, displacing sardonyx. Spinel was added as an August option by the American Gem Trade Association in 2016.

保养 · Care

多数首饰都能用。但内含物多的别提用超声波和蒸汽清洗，骤热也可能造成损伤。Fine for most jewellery, but avoid ultrasonic and steam cleaning on heavily included stones; sudden heat can damage it.

现代表的其余选项 · Also on the modern list

同一个月被官方列表认可的其他石头。它们多半是为了「买得到、买得起」才加进来的。

Spinel

现代备选

尖晶石jiān jīng shí

红、粉、蓝、紫、橙、灰都有，常被误认成红宝石 · 硬度 8

历史上一直被当成红宝石——欧洲王室珠宝里好几颗有名的「红宝石」后来都查明是尖晶石。它直到 2016 年才正式被写进八月。

保养 · 又硬又韧，是本页里最适合日常戴的石头之一。

Sardonyx

现代备选

缠丝玛瑙chán sī mǎ nǎo

红棕与白色相间的层状纹带 · 硬度 6.5 – 7

更早的八月石，古罗马的印章戒指多半就用它刻。今天主要见于浮雕（cameo）首饰。

1912 年之前的传统表 · The older traditional list

比现代表更早的那一版。这一栏的传统表和现代表指的是同一颗石头，没有分歧。

传统表与现代表一致，都是橄榄石（Peridot）。The traditional list names the same stone — no disagreement for August.

这个月在两张表上一共 3 颗石头

石头 · Stone	中文	硬度	出现在
Peridot	橄榄石	6.5 – 7	现代首选
Spinel	尖晶石	8	现代备选
Sardonyx	缠丝玛瑙	6.5 – 7	现代备选 · 传统表

挑的时候看什么 · What matters when choosing

硬度只说明抗刮，不等于抗砸。本月的石头硬度是 6.5 – 7。硬度低的不适合当每天戴的戒指，但做耳饰、吊坠完全没问题；硬度高的也可能崩口。真正决定磨损的是硬度、韧性、以及你戴着它做什么。

先问是不是处理过的。祖母绿充填、蓝色托帕石辐照、黄水晶加热、绿松石浸胶染色，都是常见且正当的做法——但卖家应当告诉你。不说的才是问题。

两套表挑一个你喜欢的就行。因为两套表都有人用，你完全可以按颜色或预算选，不用被「官方答案」绑住。

Hardness only measures scratch resistance, not toughness. Ask about treatments — filling, irradiation, heating and dyeing are all normal, but they should be disclosed. And choose between the two lists by colour and budget; there is no official answer to be bound by.

诞生石是一种贸易传统，不是宝石学定律，也不是吉凶断语。本页的寓意与民俗描述属于文化背景介绍，不构成任何健康、财运、感情或运气的建议与承诺。Birthstones are a trade convention, not a gemological law and not a prediction. The lore here is cultural background only — not advice about health, money, relationships or luck.