HSK Level 1 is the first level of the Chinese Proficiency Test, designed for absolute beginners. This course covers 150 basic words and fundamental grammar structures, helping learners master simple daily expressions and engage in the most basic Chinese communication. The course is divided into 5 units, progressing from greetings and family to daily life, study, work, likes, and transportation.
When asking about age, use 几岁 for children and 多大 for adults. Add 岁 after the number when answering. Numbers combine as ten + digit (11-19) or tens-digit + ten (20-90).
你几岁？
我二十岁。
你多大？
4
有 (to have)
S + 有 + O
「有」表示拥有或存在。否定形式用「没有」，切记不能用「不有」。疑问句用「有...吗？」。
有 indicates possession or existence. The negative form is 没有. Note that 不有 is incorrect. Use 有...吗？for questions.
我有一个哥哥。
他没有妹妹。
你家有几口人？
5
在 + Place (Location)
S + 在 + Place
「在」表示人或事物所在的位置，后面加地点名词。否定形式用「不在」。
在 indicates the location of a person or thing. It is followed by a place noun. The negative form is 不在.
我在学校。
他在家吗？
不在，他在商店。
6
Measure Words (量词)
Number + Measure Word + Noun
汉语中数词不能直接修饰名词，中间需要用量词。「个」是最常用的通用量词。不同的名词搭配不同的量词。
In Chinese, a measure word must be placed between a number and a noun. 个 is the most common general measure word. Different nouns take different measure words.
一个人
两本书
三杯茶
7
会 (can / know how to)
S + 会 + V
「会」表示通过学习获得的能力，相当于英语的can或know how to。否定形式是「不会」。
会 indicates an ability acquired through learning, equivalent to 'can' or 'know how to'. The negative form is 不会.
Chinese adjectives can directly serve as predicates. Adding 很 before an adjective usually completes the sentence rather than meaning 'very'. For questions, add 吗 after the adjective.
这个房间很大。
今天冷吗？
这本书很新。
9
喜欢 + Noun/Verb (Expressing Likes)
S + 喜欢 + N/V
「喜欢」表示对某人、某物或某事的喜爱。后面可以接名词也可以接动词短语。否定形式用「不喜欢」。
喜欢 expresses liking someone, something, or an activity. It can be followed by a noun or a verb phrase. The negative form is 不喜欢.
我喜欢中文。
他不喜欢喝茶。
你喜欢看电影吗？
10
怎么 + Verb (How to do something)
怎么 + V
「怎么」放在动词前面，用来询问方式或方法，相当于英语的'how to'。这是非常实用的疑问结构。
怎么 placed before a verb is used to ask about the method or manner of doing something, equivalent to 'how to' in English.
这个字怎么写？
去学校怎么走？
这个怎么说？
对话练习 · Dialogues#
场景会话 · Situational Conversations
第一次见面
· First Meeting
A
你好！我叫李明，你叫什么名字？
Nǐ hǎo! Wǒ jiào Lǐ Míng, nǐ jiào shénme míngzì?
Hello! I'm Li Ming, what's your name?
B
你好！我叫安娜，我是美国人。
Nǐ hǎo! Wǒ jiào Ānnà, wǒ shì Měiguó rén.
Hello! I'm Anna, I'm American.
A
认识你很高兴！你是学生吗？
Rènshi nǐ hěn gāoxìng! Nǐ shì xuéshēng ma?
Nice to meet you! Are you a student?
B
是，我是学生。你呢？
Shì, wǒ shì xuéshēng. Nǐ ne?
Yes, I'm a student. And you?
A
我也是学生。我们都是同学。
Wǒ yě shì xuéshēng. Wǒmen dōu shì tóngxué.
I'm also a student. We are classmates.
B
太好了！王老师是我们的老师吗？
Tài hǎo le! Wáng lǎoshī shì wǒmen de lǎoshī ma?
Great! Is Teacher Wang our teacher?
A
是，王老师是很好的老师。
Shì, Wáng lǎoshī shì hěn hǎo de lǎoshī.
Yes, Teacher Wang is a very good teacher.
B
谢谢！明天见！
Xièxie! Míngtiān jiàn!
Thanks! See you tomorrow!
问国籍
· Asking About Nationality
A
你是哪国人？
Nǐ shì nǎ guó rén?
What is your nationality?
B
我是英国人。你呢？
Wǒ shì Yīngguó rén. Nǐ ne?
I am British. And you?
A
我是中国人。你叫什么名字？
Wǒ shì Zhōngguó rén. Nǐ jiào shénme míngzì?
I am Chinese. What is your name?
B
我叫大卫，我是学生。
Wǒ jiào Dàwèi, wǒ shì xuéshēng.
My name is David, I'm a student.
A
很高兴认识你！
Hěn gāoxìng rènshi nǐ!
Nice to meet you!
介绍家人
· Introducing Family
A
你家有几口人？
Nǐ jiā yǒu jǐ kǒu rén?
How many people are in your family?
B
我家有四口人。爸爸、妈妈、哥哥和我。
Wǒ jiā yǒu sì kǒu rén. Bàba, māma, gēge hé wǒ.
My family has four people. Dad, Mom, older brother and me.
A
你哥哥多大？
Nǐ gēge duō dà?
How old is your older brother?
B
他二十五岁。他是老师。
Tā èrshíwǔ suì. Tā shì lǎoshī.
He is 25. He is a teacher.
A
你爸爸是老师吗？
Nǐ bàba shì lǎoshī ma?
Is your father a teacher?
B
不是，我爸爸是医生。
Bú shì, wǒ bàba shì yīshēng.
No, my father is a doctor.
A
你妈妈呢？
Nǐ māma ne?
How about your mother?
B
妈妈也是医生。我爱我的家！
Māma yě shì yīshēng. Wǒ ài wǒ de jiā!
My mother is also a doctor. I love my family!
你几岁
· How Old Are You
A
你几岁？
Nǐ jǐ suì?
How old are you?
B
我九岁。你多大？
Wǒ jiǔ suì. Nǐ duō dà?
I am 9. How old are you?
A
我十岁。今天是你的生日吗？
Wǒ shí suì. Jīntiān shì nǐ de shēngrì ma?
I am 10. Is today your birthday?
B
不是，我的生日是五月五号。
Bú shì, wǒ de shēngrì shì wǔ yuè wǔ hào.
No, my birthday is May 5th.
A
祝你生日快乐！
Zhù nǐ shēngrì kuàilè!
Happy birthday to you!
在水果店
· At the Fruit Shop
A
你好！我想买水果。
Nǐ hǎo! Wǒ xiǎng mǎi shuǐguǒ.
Hello! I want to buy some fruit.
B
好的。苹果五块钱一斤。
Hǎo de. Píngguǒ wǔ kuài qián yì jīn.
OK. Apples are 5 yuan per jin.
A
那我要两斤苹果。
Nà wǒ yào liǎng jīn píngguǒ.
Then I'll take two jin of apples.
B
还要别的吗？
Hái yào bié de ma?
Anything else?
A
还要三个橙子。多少钱？
Hái yào sān ge chéngzi. Duōshao qián?
Also three oranges. How much total?
B
苹果十块，橙子六块，一共十六块。
Píngguǒ shí kuài, chéngzi liù kuài, yígòng shíliù kuài.
The most common greeting in Chinese is 你好, similar to 'Hello' in English. However, in daily life, Chinese people also often ask '吃了吗？' (Have you eaten?) as a greeting -- it is not literally asking if you have eaten, but rather a friendly way of saying hello. For elders or teachers, Chinese people use 您 instead of 你 to show respect. Additionally, Chinese people do not typically hug or kiss on the cheek when meeting. They usually nod, smile, or shake hands to show friendliness. In formal settings, handshakes are the most common etiquette. Understanding these cultural differences helps in better communication with Chinese people.
In traditional Chinese culture, family is the most important social unit. Chinese people greatly value family relationships and filial piety. Respecting the elderly and caring for the young are traditional virtues. Many families have three or even four generations living together under one roof. During the Spring Festival, the whole family gathers for a reunion dinner, which is the most important holiday tradition.
Chinese people typically use chopsticks instead of knives and forks. Chinese cuisine features rice or noodles as staples, accompanied by various dishes. When a family eats, dishes are placed in the center for sharing, rather than individual portions. Chinese people hold their rice bowl close to their mouth and use chopsticks to push rice into it.
China's education system includes six years of primary school, three years of middle school, three years of high school, and four years of university. Students begin learning English from first grade, along with core subjects like Chinese and mathematics. In recent years, more Chinese students are studying abroad, while many international students come to China to learn Chinese. The HSK exam is an important test of Chinese proficiency.
Public transportation in China is highly developed. In big cities, the subway is the most convenient and fastest way to travel. The subway networks in Beijing and Shanghai cover most areas of the cities. High-speed rail is also an important means of transportation -- it takes only about four hours from Beijing to Shanghai. Bike-sharing is also very popular in Chinese cities -- just scan a QR code to ride.
练习题 · Practice#
检验所学 · Test Your Knowledge
1 / 23
选择题 · Multiple Choice
1第 1 题 · Question 1
「你好吗？」的正确回答是：
What is the correct response to 'Ni hao ma?'
声调训练 · Tone Training#
掌握四声 · Master the 4 Tones
声调训练 · Tone Training
掌握普通话四声 · Master the 4 Mandarin Tones
选择声调 · Select a Tone
高平调，音高保持在高位不变
55555(音高值 1-5 · Pitch values)
mā妈
1 / 5
💡 提示：先点击 👂 听标准发音，然后用 🎤 录音跟读。 声调曲线会显示你的发音是否准确。 Tip: Listen first, then record. The tone curve shows how accurate your tones are.
发音对比 · Minimal Pairs#
区分易混发音 · Distinguish Similar Sounds
发音对比练习 · Minimal Pairs
区分易混发音 · Distinguish Similar Sounds
ˉvsˋ
mā
妈
má
麻
1 / 4
💡 先分别听 👂 两个发音的区别，然后逐个录音跟读 🎤， 观察声调曲线是否与标准一致。 Listen to the difference between the two sounds, then practice each one. Watch the tone curve!